Skip to main content

Image classification sample

Advanced
Tutorial
Rust

Overview​

ICP's unique ability to run compute at scale allows AI and neural networks to run directly on-chain within a canister smart contract.

To showcase this capability, this demo example displays how an AI that identifies an image can be deployed as a smart contract with a frontend and backend, both running on-chain.

You can find the source code for this demo on GitHub.

How this example works​

In this example, the ICP smart contract accepts an image as input from the user and runs an image classification inference. The smart contract has two canisters:

  • The frontend canister that contains HTML, JS, and CSS assets that are served in the web browser.

  • The backend canister that embeds the Tract ONNX inference engine with the MobileNet v2-7 model. This canister provides a classify() endpoint that the frontend canister calls.

AI Demo: how it works

ICP features that make it possible​

To make running AI in a canister possible, two key ICP features are utilized:

  • WebAssembly virtual machine: Canister code is compiled into Wasm modules to be deployed on ICP. The WebAssembly virtual machine supports standards such as the WebAssembly System Interface, which can be supported through a community tool called wasi2ic.
AI Demo: Wasm
  • Deterministic time slicing (DTS): DTS splits the execution of very large messages that require billions of Wasm instructions across multiple execution rounds.
AI Demo: DTS

Important notes​

The ICP mainnet subnets and dfx running a replica version older than 463296 may fail with an instruction-limit-exceeded error.

Currently, Wasm execution is not optimized for this workload. A single call executes about 24B instructions (~10s).

Deploying the demo​

Prerequisites​

  • Download and install the Rust programming language and Cargo as described in the Rust installation instructions for your operating system.

  • Download and install the IC SDK package as described in the installing the IC SDK page.

  • Download and install git.

  • Install wasi-skd-21.0.

  • Export CC_wasm32_wasi in your shell such that it points to WASI clang and sysroot: export CC_wasm32_wasi="/path/to/wasi-sdk-21.0/bin/clang --sysroot=/path/to/wasi-sdk-21.0/share/wasi-sysroot"

  • Install wasi2ic and make sure that wasi2ic binary is in your $PATH.

Downloading the example​

You can clone the GitHub repo for this example with the command:

git clone https://github.com/dfinity/examples.git

Then navigate into the directory for the AI demo:

cd examples/rust/image-classification

Download MobileNet v2-7 to src/backend/assets/mobilenetv2-7.onnx by running the script:

./download_model.sh

Install NodeJS dependencies for the frontend:

npm install

Add the following Rust target:

rustup target add wasm32-wasi

Deploying the code​

To deploy the example, first start dfx:

dfx start --clean --background

Then to deploy the canisters, run the command:

dfx deploy // Deploy locally
dfx deploy --network ic // Deploy to the mainnet

Using the demo​

Once deployed, open the frontend canister's URL in your browser. You'll see the demo's user interface:

Using the AI demo

Click on the Internet Computer logo. You'll be prompted to select an image file from your local files. In this example, we'll use an astronaut image. Then, select 'Go':

Using the AI demo

The smart contract will do some computation to infer what the image is. This process may take about 10 seconds.

Using the AI demo

The image inference results will be returned:

Using the AI demo

Resources​